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1 Hornblower, Jonathan
SUBJECT AREA: Steam and internal combustion engines[br]b. 1753 Cornwall (?), Englandd. 1815 Penryn, Cornwall, England[br]English mining engineer who patented an early form of compound steam engine.[br]Jonathan came from a family with an engineering tradition: his grandfather Joseph had worked under Thomas Newcomen. Jonathan was the sixth child in a family of thirteen whose names all began with "J". In 1781 he was living at Penryn, Cornwall and described himself as a plumber, brazier and engineer. As early as 1776, when he wished to amuse himself by making a small st-eam engine, he wanted to make something new and wondered if the steam would perform more than one operation in an engine. This was the foundation for his compound engine. He worked on engines in Cornwall, and in 1778 was Engineer at the Ting Tang mine where he helped Boulton \& Watt erect one of their engines. He was granted a patent in 1781 and in that year tried a large-scale experiment by connecting together two engines at Wheal Maid. Very soon John Winwood, a partner in a firm of iron founders at Bristol, acquired a share in the patent, and in 1782 an engine was erected in a colliery at Radstock, Somerset. This was probably not very successful, but a second was erected in the same area. Hornblower claimed greater economy from his engines, but steam pressures at that time were not high enough to produce really efficient compound engines. Between 1790 and 1794 ten engines with his two-cylinder arrangement were erected in Cornwall, and this threatened Boulton \& Watt's near monopoly. At first the steam was condensed by a surface condenser in the bottom of the second, larger cylinder, but this did not prove very successful and later a water jet was used. Although Boulton \& Watt proceeded against the owners of these engines for infringement of their patent, they did not take Jonathan Hornblower to court. He tried a method of packing the piston rod by a steam gland in 1781 and his work as an engineer must have been quite successful, for he left a considerable fortune on his death.[br]Bibliography1781, British patent no. 1,298 (compound steam engine).Further ReadingR.Jenkins, 1979–80, "Jonathan Hornblower and the compound engine", Transactions of the Newcomen Society 11.J.Tann, 1979–80, "Mr Hornblower and his crew, steam engine pirates in the late 18th century", Transactions of the Newcomen Society 51.J.Farey, 1827, A Treatise on the Steam Engine, Historical, Practical and Descriptive, reprinted 1971, Newton Abbot: David \& Charles (an almost contemporary account of the compound engine).D.S.L.Cardwell, 1971, From Watt to Clausius. The Rise of Thermo dynamics in the Early Industrial Age, London: Heinemann.H.W.Dickinson, 1938, A Short History of the Steam Engine, Cambridge University Press.R.L.Hills, 1989, Power from Steam. A History of the Stationary Steam Engine, Cambridge University Press.RLH -
2 Steam and internal combustion engines
See also: INDEX BY SUBJECT AREA[br]Giffard, Baptiste Henry JacquesHamilton, Harold LeePorta, Giovanni Battista dellaBiographical history of technology > Steam and internal combustion engines
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Hornblower, Jonathan — ▪ British inventor born July 5, 1753, Chacewater, Cornwall, Eng. died Feb. 23, 1815, Penryn, Cornwall British inventor of the double beat valve, the first reciprocating compound steam engine. Hornblower s invention, patented in 1781,… … Universalium
Hornblower, Jonathan Carter — born July 5, 1753, Chacewater, Cornwall, Eng. died March 1815, Penryn, Cornwall British inventor. He and his father, Jonathan (1717–80), worked for James Watt. Seeking to improve on Watt s steam engine design, he devised the first reciprocating… … Universalium
Hornblower, Jonathan Carter — (5 jul. 1753, Chacewater, Cornualles, Inglaterra–mar. 1815, Penryn, Cornualles). Inventor británico. Él y su padre, Jonathan (n. 1717–m. 1780), trabajaron para James Watt. Intentando mejorar el diseño de la máquina de vapor de Watt, ideó la… … Enciclopedia Universal
Jonathan Hornblower — This article is about steam engineer Jonathan Hornblower (1753 1815). For his father, Jonathan Hornblower (1717 1780), see Jonathan Hornblower. Infobox Person name = PAGENAME image size = 150px caption = PAGENAME birth name = birth date = July 5 … Wikipedia
Jonathan Hornblower (1717) — This article is about steam engineer Jonathan Hornblower (1717 1780). For his son, Jonathan Hornblower (1753 1815), see Jonathan Hornblower. Jonathan Hornblower (October 30, 1717 December 7, 1780) was an English pioneer of steam power, the son of … Wikipedia
Jonathan — /jon euh theuhn/, n. 1. a son of Saul and friend of David. I Sam. 18 20. 2. Archaic. an American, esp. a New Englander. Cf. Brother Jonathan. 3. a male given name: from a Hebrew word meaning God gave. /jon euh theuhn/, n. a variety of red apple… … Universalium
Jonathan — (as used in expressions) Boucher, Jonathan Carver, Jonathan Edwards, Jonathan Eybeschütz, Jonathan Hornblower, Jonathan Carter Thomas Jonathan Jackson Miller, Jonathan (Wolfe) Swift, Jonathan … Enciclopedia Universal
Jonathan Hornblower — (Chacewater, 5 de julio de 1753 Penryn, 23 de febrero de 1815)[1] fue un británico pionero de la energía de vapor. Hijo de Jonathan Hornblower y hermano de Jabes Carter Hornblower, dos pioneros compañeros, desarrolló una máquina compuesta en 1781 … Wikipedia Español
Hornblower — may refer to:*Horatio Hornblower, a fictional officer of the British Royal Navy, from the series of novels by C. S. Forester * Hornblower (TV series), a series of television programmes loosely based on the novels by C.S. Forester, known in the… … Wikipedia
Hornblower — ist der Name folgender Personen: Jonathan Hornblower (1753–1815), britischer Erfinder Horatio Hornblower, Romanfigur des Autors C. S. Forester Diese Seite ist eine Begriffsklärung zur Unterscheidung mehrerer mit demselben Wort bezeichneter Be … Deutsch Wikipedia
Josiah Hornblower — (February 23 1729 ndash; January 21 1809) was a statesman in Belleville, New Jersey. He was a delegate for New Jersey in the Continental Congress in 1785 and 1786. Engineering career Josiah was born in Staffordshire, England, the son of steam… … Wikipedia
